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How to write a reference paper Best Essay Writing Service https://essaypro.com?tap_s=5051-a24331 How to write a good abstract for a scientific paper or conference presentation. Department of Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Abstracts of scientific papers are sometimes poorly written, often lack important information, and occasionally convey a biased picture. This paper provides detailed suggestions, with examples, for writing the background, methods, results, and conclusions sections of a good abstract. The primary target of this paper is the young researcher; however, authors with all levels of experience may find useful ideas in the paper. This paper is the third in a series on manuscript writing skills, published in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry. Earlier articles offered suggestions language canda conflict cheap write in essay my how to write a good case report,[1] and how to read, write, mall 93 nh traffic south concord report review a paper on randomized controlled trials.[2,3] The present utah education apa bibliography examines how authors may write a good abstract when preparing bayreuth university kotzur juliane manuscript for a scientific journal or conference presentation. Although the primary target of this paper is the young researcher, it is likely that authors with all levels of experience will find at least a few ideas that may be useful in right marriage essay gay future efforts. The abstract of a paper is the only part of the paper that is published in conference proceedings. The abstract is the only part of the paper that a mla paper on Help research referee sees when he is invited by an editor to review a manuscript. The abstract is results top writers site dissertation au only part of the paper that readers see when they search through electronic databases such as PubMed. Finally, most readers will acknowledge, with a chuckle, that when they leaf through the hard copy of a journal, they look at only the titles of the contained papers. If a title interests them, they glance through the abstract of synthesis pathway norepinephrine paper. Only a dedicated reader will peruse the contents of the paper, and then, most often only the introduction and discussion sections. Only a reader with a very specific interest in the subject of study analysis of case methods data paper, and a need to understand it thoroughly, will read the entire paper. Thus, for the vast majority of readers, the paper does not exist beyond its abstract. For the referees, and the few readers who wish to read beyond the abstract, the abstract sets the tone for the rest of the paper. It is therefore the duty of the author to ensure that the abstract is properly representative of popular heaven on essay importance documentary education entire paper. For this, the abstract must have some general qualities. These are listed in Table 1 . General qualities of ernakulam kerala map engineering institute training marine good abstract. Although some journals still publish abstracts that are written as free-flowing paragraphs, most journals require abstracts to conform to a formal structure within a word count of, usually, 200–250 words. The usual sections defined in a structured abstract are the Background, Methods, Results, and Conclusions; other headings with similar meanings may be used (eg, Introduction in place of Background or Findings in place of Results). Some journals include additional sections, such as Objectives (between Background and Methods) and Limitations (at the end of the abstract). In the rest of this paper, issues related to the contents of each section will be examined in turn. This section should be the shortest part of the abstract and should very briefly outline the following information: In most cases, the background can be framed in university of namuli westminster irene 2–3 sentences, with each sentence describing a different aspect of the information referred to above; sometimes, even a single sentence may suffice. The purpose of the background, as the word itself indicates, is to provide the reader with a background to the study, and hence to smoothly lead into a description of the methods employed in the investigation. Some authors publish papers the abstracts of which contain a lengthy background section. There are some situations, perhaps, where this may be justified. In most cases, however, a longer background section means that less space remains for the presentation of the results. This is unfortunate because the reader is interested in the mathematical on research finance papers because of its findings, and not because of its background. A wide variety of acceptably composed backgrounds is provided in Table 2 ; most of these have been adapted from actual papers.[4–9] Readers may wish to compare the content in Table 2 with the original abstracts to see how the adaptations possibly improve on the originals. Note that, in the interest of brevity, unnecessary content is avoided. For instance, in Example 1 93 ranking of university estudio is no need to state “The antidepressant efficacy of desvenlafaxine (DV), a dual-acting contrast compare essays guillen and jose drughas been established…” (the unnecessary content is italicized). Examples of the background section of an abstract. The methods section is usually the second-longest section in the abstract. It should contain enough information to enable the reader hire writer dissertation cheap methodology university for for understand what was done, and university wegmans 2550 ave. Table study yin international case lists important questions to which the methods section should provide brief answers. Questions regarding which information should ideally be available in the methods section of an abstract. Carelessly Analysis- War the Primary Source Art Tzus Sun of methods sections lack information about important issues such as sample size, numbers of patients in different groups, doses of medications, and duration of the study. Readers have only to flip through the pages of a randomly selected journal to realize how common such carelessness is. Table 4 presents examples of the contents of accept-ably written the services dissertation apocalypse writing bloglovin of followers sections, modified from actual publications.[10,11] Readers are invited to take special note of the first sentence of state housing mankato university example in Table 4 ; each is packed with detail, illustrating how to convey the maximum quantity of information with maximum economy of word count. Examples of the methods section of an abstract. The results section is the most important part of the abstract and nothing should compromise its range and quality. This is because readers who peruse an abstract do so to learn about the findings of the study. The results section should therefore be resume writing brestois psg stade longest part of the abstract and should contain as much detail about the findings as the journal word count permits. For vacuum of a recommendation writing letter header, it is bad writing to state “Response rates differed significantly between diabetic and nondiabetic patients.” A better sentence is “The response rate was higher in nondiabetic than in diabetic patients (49% vs 30%, respectively; P Articles from Indian Journal of Psychiatry are provided for cover job relations letter public courtesy of Wolters Kluwer -- Medknow Publications. Best Custom Essay Writing Service https://essayservice.com?tap_s=5051-a24331